Solar pond definition is a pool of salt water heated by the sun and used either as a direct source of heat or to provide power for an electric generator. International journal of engineering research and general. It is to be noted that this concept attacks four of the major technical problems apart from cost pertaining to classical collector technology, i. This phenomena has been observed and reported also by wilson and wellman, hoare, por, melack and kilham, hudica and sonnefeld and cohen et al. Abstracta 6000 m solar pond was constructed at bhuj in india in the premises of a milk processing dairy2 plant to supply process heat and demonstrate the technical and economic viability of solar pond technology in the indian context. Due to rolling blackout and the constantly rising cost of fuel, pumping of water from surface water and groundwater wells has become extremely difficult for farmers and other water users. This research discusses basic principles of solar pond design, construction of a prototype solar pond. The solar powered air pump kit is ideal to oxygenate fish ponds and works anywhere the sun shines. But several important disadvantages to solar ponds may render them unworkable as a.
Dec 10, 2012 working of solar ponds maintenance of saltgradient the concentration gradient that exists in pond lead to diffusion from higher to lower concentration i. Also, membrane technologies are gaining high importance for their great. Typical temperature and profiles in an immensely colossal salinity gradient solar pond are shown in figure 1. Pdf sustainable membrane distillation coupled with solar pond.
Thermal desalination using mems and salinitygradient. Comparison of thermal storage efficiency of solar pond with and without a polyethene membrane. Pdf heat is one of the basic constituents of energy which can be stored as well as extracted from solar ponds. Technology data sheet solar water pumping solar water pumping systems are a practical and affordable solution used to solve water shortage problems. A solar pond is a pool of saltwater which collects and stores solar thermal energy.
Part of theoil, gas, and energy commons, and thephysics commons this dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the iowa state university capstones, theses and dissertations at iowa state university. Although research at the three universities is diverse, the underlying theme of developing this technology for commercial applications remains the same. The solar pond technology inhibits this phenomena by dissolving salt into the bottom layer of this pond, making it too heavy to rise to the surface, even when hot. The factors which influence the technical and economic viability of solar ponds for thermal applications and power generation have been discussed. Solar pond is a new technique of supplying thermal energy dr. To be presented at the asme winter annual meeting new orleans, louisiana december 1984. Comparison of thermal behavior of solar ponds with flat. Technical seminar solar pond solar energy convection. It receives solar energy through insulation, then the trapped heat is extracted from it from the water lying at the bottom of the pond. A solar pond is often brought up as an example of a power source that developing countries can easily operate.
A salt gradient heatpreserving solar pond is built by clay. Also explore the seminar topics paper on solar pond technology with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year chemical engineering chem or ieee chemical btech, be, mtech students for the year 2015 2016. Directcontact condensers for solar pond power plants. Thermal desalination using mems and salinitygradient solar. Few of the key players that are likely to make a statement in the global solar pond market are geoeng australia pty ltd. This is the main driving force behind all green energy technology, as nations attempt to meet climate change obligations in curbing emissions.
Relative study of steel solar pond with sodium chloride and pebbles. Solar pond, salt gradient, heat extraction, renewable energy, green energy 1. It is wellknown that water or air is heated they become lighter and rise upward e. The ideas of viscosity stabilized solar pond appears to be promising but presently is not economically competitive salt gradient solar pond. International journal of engineering research and general science volume 1, issue 2, december 20. The solar pond is a body of water that collects and stores solar energy. Solar pond, any large humanmade body of salt water that collects and stores solar energy, thereby providing a sustainable source of heat and power. Rabla and nielson from ohio state university introduced the solar pond technology at the united states in 1973 and their experimental was typically related to. An inexpensive lining scheme, consisting of alternating layers of clay and ldpe low. Although research on the practical applications of solar ponds did not begin until the late 1940s, a natural lake particularly wellsuited for use as. Solar ponds large passive solar heat collectors relying. Solar pond technology for brine management and heat extraction.
Combining the salinitygradient solar pond technology with mems and other desalination technologies can possibly lead to a zero discharge desalination. This technology was used at several remote sites in australia in the 1970s. Pdf solar pond technology has made substantial progress in the last fifteen years. A solar pond is simply a pool of saltwater which collects and stores solar thermal energy.
A few other ponds exist today, such as the large 25 000 m2 pond in italy on the southern adriatic coast at marghrita di savoia, the alexandria pond in egypt described by amer et al. Solar pond technology seminar report, ppt, pdf for chemical. The project, which is located on the property of bruce foods, inc. The sunlight, which reaches the bottom of the pond, remains entrapped there. Nov 30, 2014 deane takes us to the australian outback to show a solar pond which is being used to generate electricity. The layers of salt solutions increase in concentration and therefore density with depth. Thermal desalination using mems and salinitygradient solar pond. Similarly, in an ordinary pond, the suns rays heat the water and the heated water from within the pond rises and reaches the. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. A solar pond is a mass of shallow water about 1 or 2 metres deep with a large collection area,which acts as a heat trap. Solar pond technology has made substantial progress in the last fifteen years. Technical seminar solar pond free download as powerpoint presentation.
Solar ponds are a type of passive solar energy technology whereby pools of saltwater are used to collect and store solar thermal energy making use of the natural formation of a salinity. Italys montalto di castro solar park is a good example of solars contribution to curbing emissions. Australian solar ponds pl now disbanded built an experimental 0. Solar pond market scope, size, share, forecast report 2025. A solar pond can be used to generate electricity by driving a thermoelectric device or an organic rankine cycle engine a turbine powered by evaporating an organic fluid with great promise in those areas where there is sufficient insolation and terrain, and soil conditions allow for construction and operation of large area solar ponds necessary to generate meaningful quantities of electrical. Pdf solar pond technology for brine management and heat. Explore solar pond technology with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Jul 04, 2017 a solar pond is a threedimensional, openair pit, filled with water endowed with special properties. The low efficiency of solar ponds is usually justified with the argument that the collector, being just a plasticlined pond, might potentially result in a largescale system that is of lower overall levelised energy cost than a solar concentrating system. Solar ponds are cheap to build, requiring only land, pond liner and saltwater.
It can be use for various applications, such as process heating, water desalination, refrigeration, drying and power generation a solar pond is a body of water that collects and stores. We discuss experimental and theoretical advances on solar ponds. Solar pond technology is being used in this world for the past many years, yet this technology has to prove its effectiveness in energy starved country like pakistan and resolve energy crisis of the country. International journal of engineering research and general science volume 1, issue 2, december 20 issn 20912730.
A solar pond is a threedimensional, openair pit, filled with water endowed with special properties. The salt concentration increases with depth, thereby forming a salinity gradient. Design of a solar pond for solar energy storagerecovery. We find that there are three distinct zones in a solar pond. Solar energy potential in ksa power production in saudi arabia 2010 219 twh considering average yearly irradiance of 2. The energy and resources institute provided all technical inputs and took up the complete execution of research, development, and demonstration. Solar ponds are largescale energy collectors with integral heat storage for supplying thermal energy. The use of solar energy in india has been very limited. However, the rest of the world has exhibited a comparatively lower market share in terms of the overall adoption of the solar pond technology. Thermal desalination using mems and salinitygradient solar pond technology huanmin lu, john c. Solar pond technology, on the other hand, attempts to prevent the loss of heat from water through the use of salt, the concentration of which increases with depth. A solar pond consortium was established in 1989 to promote the salt gradient solar pond technology for commercial applications. But several important disadvantages to solar ponds may render them unworkable as a useful method of storing the suns energy.
If there is a lack of cheap salt in the region where solar ponds are installed, they could not be economical to use. Solar pond technology seminar report, ppt, pdf for. Nov 28, 2017 a solar pond is simply a pool of saltwater which collects and stores solar thermal energy. Salt gradient in the solar pond prevents heat loss by convection in this structure. Because it relies on solar power, you dont need to connect unwieldy electrical extension cables just to maintain the pond outside. It avoids 20,000 tonnes per year of carbon emissions compared to fossil fuel energy production. Ngubu chemistry department, egerton university physics department, egerton university abstract this paper presents the concept of using a polyethene. Therefore, to maintain stability salt must be added to lower layer and remove from upper layer. Constructal design of saltgradient solar pond fields fraunhofer. One way to tap solar energy is through the use of solar ponds. A division of midwest research institute 1617 cole boulevard golden. Below a certain depth, the solution has a uniformly high salt. Mahdi, physics department, college of science, karbala university, karbala, iraq.
Salts like magnesium chloride, sodium chloride or sodium nitrate are dissolved in the water, the concentration being densest at the bottom 20% to 30%. Salts like magnesium chloride, sodium chloride or sodium nitrate are dissolved in the water, the concentration being densest at the bottom 20% to 30% and. The bottom of the pond is generally lined with a durable plastic liner made from material such as black polythene and hypalon reinforced with nylon mesh. Solar pond definition of solar pond by merriamwebster. The solar pond possesses a thermal storage capacity spanning the seasons. The saltwater naturally forms a vertical salinity gradient also known as a halocline, in which lowsalinity water floats on top of highsalinity water. Ein salinity gradient solar pond, kurz solar pond engl. Thus a solar pond is a pool of salt water which serves as the solar energy collection and sensible heat storage. Solar pond definition of solar pond by the free dictionary. Deane takes us to the australian outback to show a solar pond which is being used to generate electricity. With this background, the concept of a nonconvecting pond, 1, 2 where elevated temperatures at the bottom are possible because the water acts as its own insulator, has been particularly attractive.
The solar pond technology is able to effectively substitute fossil fuels for heat generation in a number of industries such as dairy and food canning. Figure 2 sgsp field made of n solar pondsheat exchanger systems connected in series. Solar energy is an abundant and r renewable energy source. Membrane stratified solar pond mssp membrane stratified solar pond is a type of nonsalt solar ponds, which is a body of liquid utilizing closely spaced transparent membranes. Solar ponds large passive solar heat collectors relying on. Comparison of thermal storage efficiency of solar pond. The solar pond successfully demonstrated the expediency of the technology by supplying 80,000 litres of hot water daily to the plant. Another restraint could be the contamination of ground water emerging as an. International journal of scientific and research publications, volume 4, issue 9, september 2014 1 issn 22503153. It has operated since may 1986 and has successfully shown that process heat, electricity, and fresh water can be produced in the southwestern united states using solar pond technology. Solar pond aeratorwill improve pond water quality duration. Physics of the solar pond john ralph hull iowa state university follow this and additional works at. Working of solar ponds maintenance of saltgradient the concentration gradient that exists in pond lead to diffusion from higher to lower concentration i. Comparison of thermal storage efficiency of solar pond with.